Impact of Varicocelectomy on Fertility Outcome
Submission: 01 November 2025 | Acceptance: 20 January 2026 | Publication: 09 April 2026
¹Dr Muhammad Nasir Ali, ²Dr Inam Ul Haq, 3Mansoor Musa, 4Qamar Abbas, 5Isma Abbas, 6Faiza Maqsood
¹DHQ Hospital Sheikhupura
²Urology Department Gulab Devi Teaching HOSPITAL
3Agha Khan Hospital Karachi.
4PIMS Islamabad 5UHS Lahore
6Liaquat Hospital Karachi.
Abstract
Background: Varicocele represents the most frequent surgically correctable cause of male infertility. Varicocelectomy is performed with the aim of improving semen parameters, thus enhancing spontaneous pregnancy rates.
Objective: It was conducted to assess the outcomes of varicocelectomy based on the improvement in semen quality and the resulting pregnancy rate concerning fertility.
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted among infertile men presenting with clinically palpable varicocele, assessing the semen parameters and pregnancy outcome prospectively before and after the surgical intervention.
Results: The seminal parameters, particularly sperm concentration and motility, have significantly improved after varicocelectomy. The spontaneous pregnancy rate was also reported to have improved in the postoperative period. These are summarized in two tables showing preoperative and postoperative semen characteristics and pregnancy outcomes.
Conclusion: It has been proved that varicocelectomy significantly improves fertility parameters and results in a positive effect on spontaneous conception rates.
Keywords: Varicocele, varicocelectomy, male infertility, semen analysis, pregnancy rates, sperm motility, assisted reproductive outcomes.